Evidence Based Corrections essay

Evidence Based Corrections essay Evidence Based Corrections essay Evidence Based Corrections essayCommunity supervision can be viewed as an integral part of community based corrections since the instituting of probation more than 100 years ago. Evidence based principles in community based corrections are focused on promoting special programs that can help offenders to change their behavior, beliefs and values. According to Leanne Alarid and Rolando Carmen (2014),â€Å"most offenders can be effectively held accountable for their crimes at the same time that they fulfill legitimate living standards in the community† (p.1). Today many community corrections serve as to address a wide range of problems associated with offender accountability, offender risk/need reduction and safety issues. The strategies used to meet these needs include evidence-based practices, which mean that they require effective interventions for which â€Å"there is consistent and solid scientific evidence† (Alarid Carmen, 2014, p.1). According to researchers, more than a half million juveniles are under community supervision as a result of violent or delinquent behavior† (Borum, 2003, p.114), while the number of adult offenders under community supervision is larger. Researchers have found that treatment can reduce their risk of reoffending due to the application of effective interventions, focusing on criminogenic treatment targets and using the proper treatment strategies. To improve community based practices, it is necessary to conduct regular and developmentally informed risk an needs assessments using the proper assessment tools.The major goal of this paper is to analyze evidence based principles in community based corrections in the supervision of offenders. Special attention should be paid to the discussion about the case plan, targeting criminogenic needs through programming, and use of validated risk/needs assessment tools. It is necessary to consider using the â€Å"Eight Guiding Principles for Risk/Recidivism Reduction.†The case plan targeting criminogenic needs through programmingIn order to formulate effective case plan for offenders, it is very important to improve case management practices, which should be focused on the court requirements and the proper strategies to meet these requirements, involvement of relevant staff and services, identification of the level of agreement to achieve the established goals and improve the process of assessment and progress monitoring (Taxman Belenko, 2012).   Offenders require the individualized approach to providing community based practices because their risk levels are different. As a result, they may have different criminogenic needs. Special programs should be designed and implemented to addresses these needs (Borum, 2003; Singer et al, 2012).The term â€Å"criminogenic needs† can be defined as â€Å"attributes of offenders that are directly linked to criminal behavior† (Singer et al, 2012, p. 23). Criminogenic needs should be addressed by effective correctional treatment, which should be included in the development of a comprehensive case plan. In other words, if a treatment is not targeting criminological needs, it is considered to be counterproductive and ineffective. The case plan should target criminogenic needs through programming (Alarid Carmen, 2014).The National Institute of Corrections (NIC) has developed the proper strategies through the study of community corrections field. In 2004, the basic principles in evidence based practices were outlined to be use of corrections (DeLisi Conis, 2012). These eight guiding principles are considered to be effective in reducing offender risk and recidivism:First, assessment of actual risk/needs using the proper assessment tools or instruments (Taxman Belenko, 2012);Second, enhancement of intrinsic motivation in order to improve the outcomes of the selected interventions (Taxman Belenko, 2012);  Third, providing target interventions which should be based on:Risk Principle: selecting the proper supervision and treatment resources in order to address the needs of high risk offenders;Need Principle: the selected interventions should targeted to criminogenic needs;Responsivity Principle: it is required to be â€Å"responsive to temperament, learning style, motivation culture and gender when assigning programs† (Taxman Belenko, 2012, p. 47).Providing Dosage: it is necessary to â€Å"structure 40-70% of high risk offenders’ time for 3-9 months† (Taxman Belenko, 2012, p. 47);Providing Treatment Practices: it is necessarily to be focused on the integration of treatment into the full sentence requirements of offenders.Fourth, providing skill training with the directed practice through the application of the proper Cognitive Behavioral Treatment Methods;Fifth, increasing positive reinforcement;Sixth, engaging the ongoing support in natural communities;Seventh, providing the appropriate measurement feedback(Taxman Belenko, 201 2).For each of the above mentioned principles, specific procedures should be outlined and detailed practices should be described for effective implementation. According to researchers, these recommended principles for reducing offender risk and recidivism â€Å"recognize the difficulty and complexity of changing staff and agency culture and practice, and the multiple levels at which change may be needed† (Taxman Belenko, 2012, p. 47). It is necessary to pay due attention to offender level, agency level and system level. According to researchers, high risk offenders would benefit from cognitive behavioral programs, which help to meet the criminogentic needs like antisocial behavior and antisocial beliefs, problems with self- regulation and self-control, antisocial peers and personality traits. In general, implementing high quality case management plan requires the proper quality control practices, such as the appropriate administration of assessment tools, effective case plan ning practices, cognitive and behavioral programming, improved individual communication, and the use of risk reduction techniques (Taxman Belenko, 2012; Leukefeld et al., 2011).The use of validated risk and needs assessment toolsIt is necessary to use validated risks/needs assessment tools. Researchers believe that valid assessment of risk and needs helps to improve the efficiency of evidence based practices in community based corrections. It is crucial to provide the appropriate clinical information, which should be used in case planning (Alarid Carmen, 2014; Leukefeld et al., 2011). Although many researchers state that recent studies show considerable gaps in many community-based programs and practices and the use of the assessment tools that have been not validated, there are many positive outcomes that affect the quality of community based practices. The most popular tools include:The Risk and Need Responsivity Model is effectively used for offender assessment and service plan ning. This tool is based on personality and social psychology theory. This tool pays due attention to the assessment of individual characteristics of offenders that predict antisocial behavior, which leads to criminal activity (Leukefeld et al., 2011)Level of Supervision Inventory-R is an effective assessment tool that is used for classification and management of offenders in the community setting and in correctional institutions. The major goal of this tool is to be focused on theory (the R-N-R principles) in order to address the needs of offenders. This tool is comprised of several scales that help to measure different risk and needs areas: education opportunities, employment opportunities, criminal history, personal characteristics and attitudes, family conditions, accommodation quality, alcohol/drug abuse problems,   (Leukefeld et al., 2011).Wisconsin Risk/Needs Assessment Tool is one of the effective risk assessment tools, developed to meet the needs and requirements of commu nity based practitioners. This tool is based on the application of static risk factors, such as the age of an offender at his/her first conviction, the total number of supervision periods, the number of revocations, the number of changes in address information in the previous 12-24 months, etc. The information can be taken from the offenders’ investigation report (Leukefeld et al., 2011).According to researchers, â€Å"given that the purpose of a risk assessment instrument is to differentiate offenders by low, medium and high risk, a good assessment instrument can correctly do this significantly better than chance† (Alarid Carmen, 2014, p. 95). Well-developed case management systems help the staff members to provide effective supervision practices based on the proper risk and needs assessment tools.Conclusion  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Thus, it is necessary to conclude that community supervision is an integral part of community based corrections. It h as been found that offenders benefit from community supervision much more than from incarceration. There are eight guiding principles for reduction of offenders’ risk/recidivism, which include increasing positive reinforcement, effective skill training with directed practice, target interventions, enhancement of intrinsic motivation, risks and needs assessment, feedback measurement, measurement of relevant practices, and providing engaged support in community. When focusing on the assessment of risk and needs of offenders, the proper assessment tools should be selected to improve community based practices, including therapeutic treatment interventions.

From the perspective of an operations manager in a large manufacturing Dissertation

From the perspective of an operations manager in a large manufacturing firm, present a case to the board of directors for adopti - Dissertation Example Elements of Lean Production 9 Figure 2.3.1.1. Six Sigma Implementation: An Overview 24 Executive Summary At present, products that have high levels of quality remains to be a prerequisite for any manufacturing company. Quality is the main focus of both lean manufacturing and Six Sigma as poor quality management often leads to waste and unproductive activities. On the other hand, appropriate management of quality significantly facilitates the manufacturing process, reducing safety buffers and identifying quality issues. Lean production emphasizes awareness of organizational culture, an organized workplace, standardization of work, flexibility in operations, empowerment of employees, control of materials, level production, and error proofing. Six Sigma also involves project definition, collecting measurements, analyzing process, correcting, designing, documenting and training, as well as controlling and verifying final outputs. The incorporation of both systems will allow a firm to ach ieve better outcomes than what either approach may not obtain. The combination of these two approaches can provide more favorable results compared to methods as it can incorporate both the human aspects (e.g. leadership, change in culture, customer focus) and process components (e.g. statistical thinking, process management), hence the need to examine the implementation of both systems. 1. Research Question From the perspective of an operations manager in a large manufacturing firm, present a case to the board of directors for adoption of Lean Production Systems and 6 Sigma Quality Management System. 1.1 Project Aims This current study aims to evaluate and present a business case with regards to the implementation of the lean production system as well as the Six Sigma quality system in an organization. 1.2 Project Objectives As such, the current study aims to address the following objectives: 1. Discuss the lean production system and Six Sigma quality system, and identify their effe cts on the organization; 2. Present case studies to examine and analyze the implementation of lean production and Six Sigma, highlighting their benefits; and 3. Develop a conclusion as well as recommendations based on the analysis and discussion of relevant data. 2. Literature Review 2.1 Introduction In an environment that is intensely competitive, the long-term success and survival of various organizations can depend on their ability to enhance quality and reduce costs in a continual manner (Montes, Moreno, and Molina 2003). Consequently, a higher level of productivity accomplished with fewer expenses has become an important component to become market leaders and sustain competitive advantage. For a number of successful manufacturers, integrating change into their production methods, such as the use of a leaner operation along with low inventory has been recognized as a fundamental practice, compared to traditional mass production that made use of a high inventory (Bai and Lee 2003 ). This suggests a clear message to employees- that goods should be produced with no defects in a timely manner and at an appropriate price. A shift towards lean production, however, can cause conflict that can hamper the implementatio

Critically assess the role of the contaminated land regime in cleaning Essay

Critically assess the role of the contaminated land regime in cleaning up contaminated land in the UK and how the planning syste - Essay Example The land has to be in a condition such that noteworthy damage is arising or/and, there is a noteworthy probability of the said damage being caused. Additionally, the land has to be in a condition such that controlled waters are being polluted or there is a probability that contamination is likely to occur. The water Act defines contaminated controlled waters as a situation where significant effluence of restricted waters is occurring, and/or there is a noteworthy probability of the said contamination occurring. Polluted land must fall within part 2A definition for it to be said to cause significant damage to people’s wellbeing or other specified receptors. Land development has to incorporate part 2A since a change in land use might bring the development inside the mandatory definition of contaminated land by creating a pollutant linkage (Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development, 2002). Other regimes that interact with management of land affected by contamination include the IPC, PPC, WML and WRA. Integrated pollution control (IPC) controls the management of large industrial buildings to lessen the danger of contamination arising. The body is also responsible for remediating the danger resulting from of the authorization. The waste management licensing (WML) controls the way in which waste management facilities are managed, as well as controls the disposal and recovery of controlled waste. Water resource act takes actions to safeguard or remedy the contamination of proscribed waters. The United Kingdom government has instituted and put in place a proactive regime and legal framework to handle land that has been previously contaminated. The new regime offers a means to put in force remediation where the IPC and WML may not apply. For new freeways, the prerequisite for handling the contaminated land will be agreed with the Environment Agency during the planned development. New development may also involve the Integrated Pollution Controls and the Waste Management Licensing. Contaminated land regime or WML might apply depending on the degree of contamination on existing sites that contain contaminated land. The remediation of polluted site is taken to be a waste management operation, and thus falls under the WML regime (Wolf& Stanley, 2010). For a number of remedial techniques, the specialized remediation contractor will need a mobile plant license and waste management site license incase contaminated material remains in the site. The regulatory framework now exists to put in force remediation and cleanup of contaminated land in any state of affairs. In instances where WML and IPC are in force on a specific land site, they will go on being used. The contaminated land administration acts to clean up areas that are not covered under IPC and WML, and initiate the remediation of static land that is polluted. Static land refers to land that is not undergoing redevelopment. Risk evaluation principles are employed to evaluate wh ether a site is contaminated under the meaning of the Environmental Act. Pollution linkage Before land may be defined as contaminated, the risk evaluation process has first to establish that noteworthy damage is being caused, or that there is a considerable likelihood of damage being caused by the presence of a pollutant linkage. Three elements have to be set out for there to be an existence of a noteworthy pollutant. These elements are 1. A

Commentary on Henry Handel Richardson(TM)s The Getting of Wisdom Essay Example for Free

Commentary on Henry Handel Richardson(TM)s The Getting of Wisdom Essay In this extract taken from Henry Handel Richardsons The Getting of Wisdom, the author uses Lauras perspective to present a scene in which a group of schoolgirls are seated and lectured in front of the rest of the school, of which one girl in particular, Annie Johns, is publicly called upon by their principal and accused of theft. The text is composed of six paragraphs, of which only one is dialogue, followed by a lengthy seventh paragraph. Told in the third-person, the entire excerpt is rich in descriptive language, enhanced by the use of alliteration and cleverly selective vocabulary, so as to achieve an attention-grabbing and detailed description of the characters thoughts and feelings. I find that Richardson is able to create a serious and tense atmosphere, evoking a suspenseful mood as should be the case for such an incident. In the opening paragraph of this extract, Richardson introduces the characters and sets the scene. The poor quality of the desks, blackened, ink-scored, dusty, with eternally dry ink-wells, indicates that the girls are possibly studying in a lower-class school where a higher standard of education environment is not available. Although Tilly, Inez and Berthas names are mentioned, it is made clear that Laura is the central character as we are given a detailed idea of how she feels. Richardson brings the reader into the intense atmosphere immediately, and apart from the literal description of Lauras flushed face, her difficulty of breathing and her cold hands and feet, further detail is added by the use of alliteration and shrewd phrasing. The consonance of the letter f in The cheeks of the four were flushed not only lets us imagine the pale colour of the girls faces but also picture the girls as they bite their lips in anticipation. This idea is brought to mind when Laura moistens her lips. The repeated use of the letter w, in while the others only whispered and wondered, forms a particular shape of the readers mouth, dissimilar to the shape of a smile. The fact they are whispering and wondering also suggests that there are matters at hand that need to be kept secret to oneself, and the writer is encouraging the reader to keep reading. In addition, we are given the first glimpse of Richardsons use of placing a short clause at the beginning of his sentences. Using the word But at the beginning of a sentence in line 4 is grammatically incorrect, but the author writes in this specific way to augment the readers idea of the nervousness the girls are feeling. Also to increase the tension, Richardson employs em dashes to create caesuras (that is, deliberate pauses). Consonance using the letter f is used for the second time in the beginning of the second paragraph. The first foregoing minutes recalls the picture of the girls lips, and the mention of the foregoing minutes, once more, attracts the reader to keep reading. Although silence is already present, Richardson makes a point of stressing the utter quietness, and exaggerating any noise that can be described, as minimal as they may be. This is done carefully when the writer describes the sound after Mr Strachey enters the scene as an ominous hush, the sounds of whispering and Lauras trouble in breathing and when Mr Strachey raises his hand to enjoin a silence that was already absolute. This marks the beginning of a lot of light being shed on these characters. In line 11, the way in which Laura suddenly grows calm contrasts with the emotional nature of Berthas character later on, and this may show that Laura is less easily frightened or anxious and that she has the ability to keep her composure in uncomfortable situations. It is interesting to know that her calmness allows her to clear her mind of all anxiety and take note of everything that passed. Her calmness is vital for the reader to continue to understand and perceive the event as we are given her view, and the reader can appreciate Lauras observance and self-control. The reader can also appreciate Richardsons clever manipulation of this characters perspective. As for Mr Strachey, him being labelled as The Principal gives the impression that he has no need for a name in this current situation. The title is impersonal and implies that he is strictly being professional now. This formal occasion is also accentuated by the tidy arrangement of the desks, as unsanitary as they are, and the use of words and phrases such as culprit, a few introductory remarks and the present case, relating the school-situated theft to an actual court case. Richardson then allows the reader to know Mr Strachey is somewhat of an authoritarian. This is suggested by Mr Stracheys decision to raise his hand for silence that the writer vividly describes as already absolute and his way of ordering Annie Johns to stand up. Will Miss Johns stand up! is a question in strict linguistic terms, but the exclamation mark indicates that it is a command and not an inquiry. Berthas description adds a certain fearful quality to Mr Stracheys character as Bertha cries from an overwhelming sense of panic. Probably the most outstanding use of alliteration is the consonance using the letters b and h in Bertha the unhappy in lines 16 to 18. The letter b generates a dramatic sound as we imagine Bertha releasing her emotions, and the letter h produces a sort of sobbing noise that is gradually reduced like the actual use of the letter h. Last of all, Annie Johns is described as pale and silly-looking. Everything from the impersonal disregarding of her name, to the metaphor associating her with a small hunted animal, to the portrayal of her unattractiveness and insanitariness, characterize her as an unappealing person to sympathize for just judging by her appearance. Richardsons use of the letter s in the words, stood, silly-looking, stared, Strachey, stares and especially the image created by the snake, foreshadow the crime that is to be addressed soon. The sounds created by the words, mouth, fallen, half and fear, emphasize (yet again) the biting of the lips and the changing shape of the mouth. When we reach the last paragraph in line 25, all the components established in the previous paragraphs come together as Richardson uses punctuation, consonance and figurative language to vividly portray the scene and assign actions to the names and faces of the characters we are now familiar with in this particular extract. Lauras ability to pay close attention to her surroundings is referred to as she is described as being unable to take her eyes off the scene, fascinated by [Mr Stracheys] oratory and appreciating [Mr Stracheys] points. Richardson mentions lips again and this time, they belong to Mr Starchey. Particular phrases such as the Principal passed on to the present case and He made it all live vividly before her create a cacophonous effect and the reader may visualize Mr Strachey has he speaks dramatically, perhaps spitting as he enunciates too. Earlier, Mr Strachey is said to be speaking in a low, impressive tone and Lauras admiration of his rhetoric highlights this as well. Information concerning Laura herself is minimal, but we find out about her by observing Richardsons skilful way of letting us into her perspective without actually writing in the first-person. The reader can know that Laura has the capability to recognize what the rest of the girls are going through by the way the writer talks about how Laura knows what it was to be poor and understands what it would mean to lack your tram-fare on a rainy morning (a brief instance of pathetic fallacy). Laura could imagine, too, with a shiver, to what extent the details of this crime could be revealed. When Richardson describes the lolly-shop as having octopus arms, and tells us that Laura is considering if every one else agreed with [Mr Strachey], it indicates that Laura is imaginative, bright and deductive in her reasoning as she puts her observation skills in good use, and all of this suggests that her aptitude is possibly brought about by some difference between her attitude to education and the other girls approach. This extract was interesting to analyse and to see how a writer can use a character so captivatingly to direct us to what is significant in the actual plot. This includes the characterisations of Bertha, Annie Johns and Mr Strachey, as well as Laura, and the way in which Richardson applies alliteration to this text to create visual impressions. I guess I could say that I was fascinated by Richardsons style as he made the scene and the characters all live vividly before me. I hung on his diction, appreciated his style and the clever way in which he worked up his climaxes. As grammatically incorrect as it is in saying this, I feel I have certainly been getting some wisdom.

Sexually Transmitted Diseases :: essays research papers

Sexually Transmitted Diseases Sexually Transmitted Diseases STDs, a.k.a venereal diseases, infectious diseases passed from one person to another during sexual contact. STDs are the most common infections known. More than 12 million people in the United States, including 3 million teenagers, are infected with STDs every year. The United States has the highest STD rate in the world about one in ten Americans will contract an STD during his or her lifetime. People who do not know they are infected risk infecting their sexual partners and, in some cases, their unborn children. If left untreated, these diseases may cause pain or may destroy a woman's ability to have children. Some STDs can be cured with a single dose of antibiotics, but AIDS cannot be cured. Those most at risk for contracting STDs are people who have unprotected sex—without using a condom, people who have multiple partners, and people whose sex partners are drug users who share needles. Static’s show that A mericans between the ages of 16 and 24 are most likely of catching STDs than older adults, because younger people usually have multiple sexual partners than an older person in a long-term relationship. Teenagers may be embarrassed to tell their sexual partners they are infected Teenagers may also be embarrassed or unable to seek medical attention for STDs. This means that they only more likely to pass the disease to other young people and have a greater risk of suffering the long-term consequences of untreated STDs. STDs are transmitted by infectious bacteria, viruses, parasites, fungi, and single-celled organisms called protozoa that live in warm, moist parts of the body, like the genital area, mouth, and throat. Most STDs are spread while having sex, but oral sex can also spread disease. Some STDs are passed from a mother to her child while pregnant, when the disease enters the baby's bloodstream, during childbirth as the baby passes through the birth canal, or after birth, when t he baby drinks infected breast milk. AIDS can be transmitted by blood contact such as open wounds, between people who share infected needles or received through an injection of infected blood. Some people believe that STDs can be transmitted through shaking hands or other casual contact, or through contact with inanimate objects such as clothing or toilet seats, but they can’t. Chlamydeous, is from trachoma is bacterium, is the most commonly transmitted STD in the United States.

Analysis of Miss Emily in “A Rose for Emily” Essay

In the fiction† A Rose for Emily â€Å",Miss Emily’s life in particular its gruesome and saddened by the outcome of Tan Wan and as well as the central figure in the daily lives of the other two – her father, her dead lover’s fate, should not only to us Bring thriller, and the offensive suppressed, perhaps, there should be more apprehensive and thinking, because this can be called Faulkner’s short story on behalf of its work, its title has been leaked by its authors described the emotional character Secret. Is no longer the tragedy of death, behind the death of the self-stick to the face and secular blue suit, which is rooted in the history of the thick soil, and even more awesome. The author in the novel approach will be a symbol of its head. Novels for readers to show the United States after the civil war in the south of social change, as well as different social groups in the South of the fate of history. The collapse of the old South, the decline of the aristocracy of the South, whites in the South, as well as to enhance the self-consciousness Southern black suffering and hope of life co-exist, to varying degrees, reflected in the novels, William Faulkner regarded the past as a repository of great images of human effort and integrity, but also as the source of a dynamic evil. He was aware of the romantic pull of the past and realized that submission to this romance of the past was a form of death. In â€Å"A Rose for Emily†, Faulkner contrasted the past with the present era. The past was represented in Emily herself, in Colonel Sartoris, in the old Negro servant, and in the Board of Alderman who accepted the Colonel’s attitude toward Emily and rescinded her taxes.. The novel contains the existential factor, to explore the existential theme of the show. That through the works of Faulkner’s life again alienated people, to show his concern about the situation of human existence,From William Faulkner as a writer in the South of the United States is in a special historical period of ideological complexity and contradiction of, their analysis of the short story in two main lines of the refraction by the Fuk Faulkner to the south of the old love-hate complex of the South, to provide readers with a new perspective in order to better understan d and appreciate the works, By the time the representatives of the new, progressive Board of Aldermen waited on her concerning her delinquent taxes, she had already completely retreated to  her world of the past. She declared that she had no taxes in Jefferson, basing her belief on a verbal agreement made with Colonel Sartoris, who had been dead for ten years. Just as Emily refused to acknowledge the death of her father, she now refused to recognize the death of Colonel Sartoris. He had given his word and according to the traditional view, his word knew no death. It is the past pitted against the present–the past with its social decorum, the present with everything set down in â€Å"the books.† Emily’s world, however, was already in the past. When she was threatened with desertion and disgrace, she not only took refuge in that world but also took Homer with her in the only manner possible–death. Miss Emily’s position in regard to the specific problem of time was suggested in the scene where the old soldiers appear at her funeral. There are two perspectives of time held by the characters. The first perspective views time as a â€Å"mechanical progressionâ₠¬  in which the past is a â€Å"diminishing road†. The second perspective views the past as â€Å"a huge meadow which no winter ever quite touches, divided from them now by the narrow bottleneck of the most recent decade of years†. The first perspective was that of Homer and the modern generation. The second was that of the older members of the Board of Aldermen and of the confederate soldiers.. Emily held the second view as well, except that for her there was no bottleneck dividing her from the meadow of the past. Emily’s room above the stairs was that timeless meadow. In it, the living Emily and the dead Homer remained together as though not even death could separate them. In the simplest sense, the story says that death conquers all. But what is death? On one level, death is the past, tradition, whatever is opposite of the present. In the setting of this story, it is the past of the South in which the retrospective survivors of the Civil War deny changing the customs and the passage of time. This article from the feminist point of view of psychology to re-read the , an analysis of Emily was confused with a tragic sense and reason in an attempt to add a kind of used to be trampled on Suppressed and ignored the different voices – the voices of women, people from the female psychology and thinking, learn to build self, pay more attention to women’s mental health and human hearts to their homes.

Child Labor Is A Global Concern - 3517 Words

Introduction Child labor is now a global concern and has attracted attention of people in various sectors of the global economy. As a matter of fact International labor organization (ILO), the World Trade Organization (WTO) and other international communities considers child labor completely abusive and ruthless. It is also considered to be derived from unequal society and therefore could be said that poverty and unequal distribution of wealth within the society makes children to go to work and in many cases to look after their family. The International Labor Organization (ILO) estimates that there are about 250 million economically active children worldwide. 61% of these workers are in Asia, which equals to approximately 153 million children. In Sub-Saharan area 1 in 4 children aged between the ages of 5 -17 work, compared to 1 in 8 in Asia. Around half of the economically children are working fulltime, and about 30 to 46 million are in very abusive and ruthless conditions or worse forms of chil d labor. What is Child Labor? Child labor refers to any employment that deprives them from their childhood. Therefore child labor is considered to be harmful because it is economically exploitive and is interfering with their education. It is also very much hazardous towards their health, or physical, mental, spiritual, moral or social development. In fact child labor not only harms the child, but also increases poverty and equitable development. It is also defined, as workShow MoreRelatedNike Corporation Essay732 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿Identify a global organization with a multinational presence. Identify and research a cultural issue that affects this organizations interactions outside the United States. Define the issue and provide an overview of how it became an issue in the organization. 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